Goodnight, idealist! （晚安 假行僧） http://blog.blacklee.net 积极、乐观、自信、幽默！ Thu, 16 Feb 2012 10:19:10 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.3 今年任务清单 http://blog.blacklee.net/living/1018-todo-list-of-new-year http://blog.blacklee.net/living/1018-todo-list-of-new-year#comments Thu, 02 Feb 2012 07:44:54 +0000 黑子 http://blog.blacklee.net/?p=1018 龙年的任务清单，简单的列一个，尽量的去完成就是了
排列的优先级有但不严重

  • 工作必须比去年更投入，找回细心、踏实的那个我
  • 是否领证无所谓，但是最终会和谁结婚这件事，需要确定掉
  • 把阅读重心从心理学转移到经济学上，读懂两本书
  • 开始关注国内经济形式，每天花半小时到一小时
  • 保持身体健康，爬遍西湖群山，体重至少提到145
  • 年中必须回家一次
  • 完成一个程序，包括Android、Windows版本

搞到船票？哈哈哈哈~~~

忘了加一条：为攒钱讨老婆，今年外出行走的费用得控制在1.5K之内！

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]]> http://blog.blacklee.net/living/1018-todo-list-of-new-year/feed 3 以图观史-欧洲百年-1945-2011 http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/1008-europe-in-pictures-1945-2011 http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/1008-europe-in-pictures-1945-2011#comments Tue, 31 Jan 2012 09:09:08 +0000 黑子 http://blog.blacklee.net/?p=1008 A history of Europe in pictures: 1900-1945
A history of Europe in pictures: 1945-2011
本想跟原作者说一下要翻译这个帖子，但是他把评论关闭了
I suppose to tell the author that I want to translate these two posts, but the comments are closed..

后半部分的翻译，自己发挥的地方比前半部分多了。

1945-2011
Part two of our photographic history of Europe takes us from the aftermath of the second world war, through the economic boom and political revolutions to the emergence of a new, unified continent
这是以图观欧洲史的第二部分，我们看看从二战的余波中恢复，经历经济繁荣，80年代政治风波后的全新的、统一的欧罗巴。


Valka Lager, 纽伦堡，西德，1950。摄影师：Herbert List/Magnum
（Valka Lager地名，但我没找到译名）

A desolate image that captures the trauma of a Europe still struggling to recover from war. Valka Lager, set up in 1946 on the site of a former prisoner of war camp, housed refugees from the Baltic states and other countries in eastern Europe who had been displaced by the war. As late as 1951, it was still home to more than 4,000 refugees. The old man shown here pulling a trolley seems to be on some never-ending journey, trailing behind a younger woman whose arms are crossed as if to defend herself against the trials of the world. 一张荒凉的照片记录着欧洲挣扎着在战后恢复的艰难。Valka Lager，1946年建立于一个原先战事监狱旁，从波罗的海和其他一些东欧战国过来的难民居住于此。直到1951年，这仍然是超过4000难民的居所。在这张照片里，年轻的女子似乎与整个世界为敌的抱臂走着，而在她身后一个老人拉着推车，好像道路永无尽头。


柏林，1961。摄影师：Burt Glinn/Magnum

Glinn took a famous series of photographs of the Berlin Wall as it was being constructed in 1961. Here, people in the West strain to see over the top of it as it rises, dividing the two halves of the city and separating friends and families. Glinn拍下了1961年堆起的柏林墙的一组著名照片。在这里，墙西边的人民看着墙堆起，把城市、朋友、家庭分成两半。


西德，1960-01-01。摄影师：Oskar Poss/Topfoto

A photograph that brilliantly evokes the first day of the 1960s and the dawning of a new, multicoloured world. A prosperous, well-dressed West German family stand amid rubble not of wartime devastation but postwar reconstruction. The father points up to the flat in the almost completed apartment block that the family will soon occupy. Three young lives will be shaped here, members of the new, self-confident Germany. A perfect blue sky welcomes a new age of peace, plenty and possibility. 由这张明亮的照片开始60年代，一个新的、五彩的世界。一个人丁兴旺的、良好衣着的西德家庭站在工地的碎石之中，父亲指着他们即将入住的接近完工的公寓，三个孩子将在此长大，成为新的、自信的一名德国人。一片完美的蓝天迎接着一个新的和平、富裕、充满机遇的年代。


Widnes, Cheshire（英国地名）, 1982。摄影师：Peter Marlow/Magnum

The north of England was devastated by the recession of 1981, which hastened the process of deindustrialisation. One appalling story that encapsulates this bleak period is that of the suicide of Sean Grant and Graeme Rathbone, two unemployed 19-year-olds who, in the summer of 1981, committed suicide together. “What have we got left to live for now there is no work for anyone?” they wrote, before gassing themselves with exhaust fumes in a stolen car. The following year, Peter Marlow took a series of photographs entitled Death on the Dole, including this image of their two unemployed friends, Damien Percival and Alan Nevitt, near the power station where their friends had died. 1981年，北英格兰被经济衰退毁坏了，同时加速了去工业化的进程（译者疑：这两者的因果关系是？）。一个令人震惊的事件概括了这一毫无希望的时期：Sean Grant和Graeme Rathbone，两个19岁的无业年轻人，在1981年夏天一起自杀了。“我们还有什么呢？大家都没工作！”，他们在偷车并煤气中毒自杀前这样写道。1982年，Peter Marlow拍了一组相关的照片并取名为Death on the Dole（译者注：实在想不出用哪个词好），包括了这张照片：他们的两个失业朋友，Damien Percival和Alan Nevitt，在他们死亡处的电站旁边。


Dunbar, East Lothian, （苏格兰地名），1989年5月。摄影师：Murdo Macleod

Margaret Thatcher electrified British politics after her election as prime minister in 1979. The long postwar social democratic consensus was at an end, and Thatcher’s conservative government sought to introduce root-and-branch reform to reduce the size of the state, lower taxation, reduce trade union power and encourage private enterprise. Here, photographed opening the Torness nuclear power station, she stands on top of the reactor itself, arms outstretched, an elemental force, her trademark handbag having for a moment been discarded. She commands all she surveys, as she did throughout the 1980s. 1979年Margaret Thatcher（撒切尔夫人）当选为首相后震惊了大英政坛。战后长时间的民主共识年代到头了，Thatcher的保守党政府寻找方法完全重组以精简官僚机构、降低税收、消减工会的权力并且鼓励私营。这张照片拍摄于Torness核电站，她站在反应堆的上面，张开双臂，an elemental force（不知如何译），她的手提包暂时搁置一旁。整个80年代，她都执行了她所承诺的（译者注：有点别扭）。


柏林，1989年11月11日，摄影师：Raymond Depardon/Magnum

A young man sits atop the Berlin Wall and howls for joy as the hated symbol of the division of Europe between east and west is finally rendered redundant. 一个年轻男子坐在柏林墙顶上开心的放声高歌，这堵墙因将欧洲一分为二而成为大家憎恨的标志，但它最终变为历史的尘埃。


布加勒斯特，罗马尼亚首都，1989年12月，摄影师：Radu Sigheti/Reuters

Demonstrators gather in front of the headquarters of the Romanian Communist party during the revolution of 1989. Communist dictator Nicolae Ceausescu was toppled from power and, with his wife Elena, executed by firing squad on Christmas day 1989. More than 1,000 people were killed in clashes between rebels and Ceausescu’s security forces during what was the bloodiest of the wave of anti-communist revolts that spread across eastern Europe in 1989. 1989年革命，一群民主人士聚集在罗马尼亚共&产%党总部前。共*&产#&党独裁者Nicolae Ceausescu（参见Nicolae Ceausescu）被推翻，他和夫人（参见Elena）在1989年圣诞节被执行枪决。超过1000人死于起义者和Ceausescu的安全卫队之间的冲突，这是1989年东欧所有反&%共动乱里最为血腥的。


萨拉热窝(南斯拉夫中部城市) ，1992年。摄影师：Tom Stoddart/Hulton Archive/Getty Images

Women run for their lives across “sniper alley” under the sights of Serbian gunmen during the siege of Sarajevo. The civil war in Yugoslavia scarred Europe at the end of the century, producing atrocities of a magnitude not seen since the end of the second world war. 萨拉热窝被被围期间，塞尔维亚军人进行小巷狙击战（参见sniper alley），两个妇女跑过枪眼下的生活区。这场世纪末的南斯拉夫内战创伤了欧洲，产生了二战之后最残忍的暴行。


图尔恰，罗马尼亚，2001年。摄影师：Ed Kashi/VII/Corbis

Workers harvest reeds near Tulcea in the heart of the Danube delta in eastern Romania. The world’s largest reed harvest, it is an example of sustainable harvesting that would not have been possible had the communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceausescu had its way. The Ceausescu regime wanted to drain the marshes, but the revolution of 1989 saved them. Europe has been transformed since the second world war, but this small corner of the continent has managed to resist all change. 工人们在罗马尼亚东部的多瑙河三角洲中心的图尔恰收割芦苇。这是世界最大的芦苇丰收，共&%党￥%独&#裁垮台了，而它持续的丰收（译者注：对这个长句没有感觉没有把握）。Ceausescu政府计划抽干这片沼泽地，但1989年爆发的革命使得它们得以保留。欧洲在二战之后改变了，但这个小角落一直没变。


Grozny, Chechnya, 格罗兹尼，车臣首府，2002年。摄影师：Thomas Dworzak/Magnum

A girl festooned with balloons covers her eyes amid the ruins of the city of Grozny, capital of the Russian republic of Chechnya in the northern Caucasus. Chechnya spent much of the 20th century attempting to win its independence from the Soviet Union, and in the 1990s carried on the struggle with Russia. In 1994-96 it fought a largely successful guerrilla war against Russian forces, and won a large degree of independence. But after 1999, in the second Chechen war, Russia reasserted itself, and Chechnya has been brought back under federal control, though rebel attacks continue and separatists have carried out terrorist atrocities in Russian cities. 高加索山脉的北部，俄罗斯车臣共和国的首都，已损毁的格罗兹尼，一个女孩手执气球，但却掩着双眼。在20世纪的大多数时间里，车臣尝试脱离苏联独立，在1990年代则与俄罗斯进行斗争。在1994-96年间他们在和俄罗斯军队进行的游击战中取得了比较大的胜利，赢得很大程度上的独立。但1999年后，第二次车场战争，因为俄罗斯的一再坚持，车臣再度被联邦控制，尽管独立分子的攻击仍在继续，还对俄罗斯的一些城市进行了恐怖主义活动。


Leitrim，立特里姆，爱尔兰共和国，2010年。摄影师：Kim Haughton/Polaris/Eyevine

Horses stand in a field next to a half-built house in recession-ravaged Ireland. The country’s property bubble was enormous, and when it popped in 2008 so did the banking system and the entire Irish economy. The thousands of unfinished homes and abandoned estates across the country are testimony to the depth of the recession. The country was compelled to accept a bailout from the EU and the IMF, and has turfed out the government that presided over the crash, but the road back will be a long one. 爱尔兰经济危机（参见2008–2012 Irish financial crisis、2008–2012 Irish banking crisis）后，几只马站在未完成的建筑旁边的田里。爱尔兰的经济泡沫非常大，当泡沫在2008年破灭后，整个国家的经济和银行体系遭到大破坏。成千上万未完成的楼房显示着危机的强度，爱尔兰被迫接受欧联和国际货币基金组织的紧急援助，政府破产，重建之路将非常漫长。

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]]> http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/1008-europe-in-pictures-1945-2011/feed 0 登录12306的一个简单方法 http://blog.blacklee.net/tech/1005-a-simple-way-to-login-12306 http://blog.blacklee.net/tech/1005-a-simple-way-to-login-12306#comments Sat, 21 Jan 2012 04:27:04 +0000 黑子 http://blog.blacklee.net/?p=1005 网上有流传一些方法，但一看就是技术人员才有能力操作的，不好。
这里写一篇适合大多数人的，如果文章里有一些东西你还不懂怎么操作的话，那大概属于超级小白了，我不是你老师，没义务图文并茂的教你。

1、调出你浏览器的书签栏（IE里叫收藏夹？）
2、把下一行的连接用鼠标选中，拖到书签栏里面
登录铁道部
如果这个让你感到费解，那么可以看一下这个：http://www.douban.com/service/bookmarklet。如果还不懂。。。那么你就是我说的超级小白了，你还是自救吧，别人救不了你
3、打开12306网站，用这个地址https://dynamic.12306.cn/otsweb/main.jsp
4、填上用户名密码验证码，点击刚才书签里的那个连接
5、页面将自动刷新，如果右上角出现了你的用户名，那么登陆就成功了，祝订票顺利~~

写在后面的前记：
最后这个礼拜忙得不可开交，然后周三@乌鸦最宝贝 让我给帮他订当天晚上8点的票，登了一下午没进去，到了6点多实在没办法，打开那网站的源代码看了下它的流程，然后才有了这个方法
如果这个文章对你有帮助的话，应该感谢这个鸟人。

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]]> http://blog.blacklee.net/tech/1005-a-simple-way-to-login-12306/feed 0 以图观史-欧洲百年-1900-1945 http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/988-europe-in-pictures-1900-1945 http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/988-europe-in-pictures-1900-1945#comments Fri, 13 Jan 2012 08:32:27 +0000 黑子 http://blog.blacklee.net/?p=988 原文地址：
A history of Europe in pictures: 1900-1945
A history of Europe in pictures: 1945-2011
本想跟原作者说一下要翻译这个帖子，但是他把评论关闭了
I suppose to tell the author that I want to translate these two posts, but the comments are closed..

有两篇，这是第一篇
1900-1945
The first decades of the 20th century saw a sea change in European politics and culture, while two world wars altered the shape of the continent for ever
欧洲20世纪的前几十年，我们看到了欧洲政治、文化的巨变，两次世界大战永远的改变的欧罗巴的形态。

 

Flanders, August 1914，弗兰德斯（欧洲西北部），1914年8月。摄影师：Bettmann/Corbis

Act one, scene one of the event that shaped the 20th century: the world’s strongest army on the march at the beginning of the first world war in August 1914. Confident, unbloodied German troops make their way through a Flanders field. They personify the Schlieffen Plan, the great swing through Belgium and north-western France intended to encircle Paris. Instead, stubborn resistance by French, Belgian and British troops, and errors by German generals, blunted the thrust and led to four years of bloody stalemate on the western front. 首先，20世纪：1914年8月一战爆发初期当时全球最牛逼的军队（德国）的前进照片。自信但尚无经验的德军正穿越Flanders的田地。他们在执行施里芬计划（参见施里芬计划），the great swing（？这里拿捏不准，是指牛逼的一翼军队）穿越比利时和法国西北部，计划包围巴黎。但是，他们遭到了法国、比利时以及英国军队的强烈抵抗，还有德军将领的错误战术，导致西线被迫进入4年的僵持战。

Podoli，布拉格，1912年。摄影师：Scheufler Collection/Corbis。Podoli, Prague, 1912

These young people from the urban middle class have come to Podoli, south of the centre of Prague and on the eastern bank of the Vltava river, to enjoy the summer weather. The first world war led to the extinction of four imperial regimes including the Ottoman-Turkish, the Russian and the German. A federal Czechoslovakia (made up of Czechia and Slovakia, now separate) emerged from the “Czech lands” as one of several republics spawned by the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian empire of the Habsburgs in 1918. Podoli在布拉格的中南区域，Vltava（伏尔塔瓦）河的东岸，图片中的这些年轻人从城市来到这里享受夏日。一战消减了土耳其-匈牙利、沙俄、德国四个帝国政权。捷克斯洛伐克共和国（由捷克和斯洛伐克组成，已分离）是1918年奥匈帝国的哈普斯保皇室分解后的几个共和国之一。
英文原文写的是4个帝国的政权，然后只列出了3个国家。参见百科捷克斯洛伐克条目，添加上了匈牙利这个国家。

Woolwich, London, 1917，伍尔维奇，伦敦，1917年。摄影师：Bettmann/Corbis

Like milk bottles in a dairy, these heavy shells await delivery to a British army that could never get enough. All major belligerents underestimated shell expenditure, especially Britain, which started the war with a tiny army. A huge scandal over “bungling in high places,” notably about shells deficient in quantity and quality, erupted in London in May 1915. Asquith’s Liberal administration fell, forcing him into coalition with the Conservative party. David Lloyd George was appointed to a new ministry of munitions, to control an industry notable for employing large numbers of women. 好像废弃的牛奶瓶，这些弹壳等待被发往永远供应不足的大英军队。所有交战国都低估了弹壳的使用量，特别是初期以小兵力进入战事的大英。遭遇了巨大的耻辱，因为在弹药数量、质量上的明显劣势，伦敦在1915年5月被轰炸了。Asquith（参见H·H·阿斯奎斯）的自由党政府失败了，迫使他与保守党结盟了。David Lloyd George（参见大卫·劳合·乔治）被选举为新的政府首相，为提高工业（？），雇佣了大量女工。


Anatolia, Turkey, circa 1914-18 安纳托利亚(土耳其的亚洲部分) ，大约是1914年至1918年间。摄影师：Underwood & Underwood/Corbis

Turkey was “the sick man of Europe” for decades before war broke out in 1914. But Turkish troops distinguished themselves against stronger enemies on several fronts, as here, entrenched against Russia in Anatolia. With German help, they also defeated British, French and ANZAC forces when they invaded the Gallipoli peninsula in 1915. The Ottoman empire died after the war but Turkey was reborn as a modern, secular republic under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. 1914年战争爆发前的几十年，土耳其被称为“欧洲恶心的人”，但是土耳其军队因在各个前线抵抗着强敌，图片中，他们在安纳托利亚挖战壕抵抗俄军。仰仗德国的帮助，他们还在1915年加力波利登陆时击退了英国、法国和澳新军团。奥斯曼帝国在战后便消亡了，但土耳其却在Mustafa Kemal Atatürk（参见穆斯塔法·凯末尔·阿塔蒂尔克）的领导下重生为一个现代的、不凡的（？secular字意为：世俗的、不朽的）共和国。


Berlin, March 1920，柏林，1920年5月。摄影师：Topical Press Agency/Hulton Archive

Defeated Germany underwent years of unrest after 1918, including a number of coup attempts by leftists wanting Soviet-style revolution, and rightwing revolts using ex-soldiers formed into “free corps”. The latter staged the “Kapp Putsch” in Berlin in March 1920, when aircraft dropped leaflets over the Potsdamer Platz in the heart of the city. A weak democratic government had decided to disband the Ehrhardt Brigade and other free corps. Captain Hermann Ehrhardt marched his men into town and declared Wolfgang Kapp the new chancellor of Germany. In a rare moment of unity, socialists and communists called a swift general strike. The revolt collapsed within a week. 德国在1918年一战战败后经历了多年的动荡不安，包括进行一些苏维埃式的左派激进改革，也有右翼势力把退伍老兵组成自由军团搞起义。后一阶段处于卡普政变（参见卡普政变）时的1920年5月，飞机在柏林市中心的波茨坦广场（参见波茨坦广场）撒下传单。脆弱的民主政府决定解散Ehrhardt Brigade以及其他几个自由军团。Hermann Ehrhardt（参见Hermann Ehrhardt）将军带领他的军队进入市区并且宣布Wlofgang Kapp（参见沃爾夫岡·卡普）为德国新总理。在这个极短的时间里，社会主义者和共产主义者称之为短罢工，动乱在一周内结束了。


Berlin, 1925，柏林，1925。摄影师：Heinrich Hoffmann/Hulton Getty

Adolf Hitler runs through his repertoire of rhetorical gestures while listening to a recording of his own speeches, for the benefit of his personal photographer. Despite his Austrian accent and harsh voice, Hitler was by all accounts（动词，把⋯⋯视为） a mesmeric speaker. The newsreels do not necessarily make this clear, but countless Germans attest to this dangerous gift. Hitler ordered Hoffmann to destroy the negatives, but Hoffmann disobeyed. Heinrich Hoffmann/Getty [This is a corrected version of the original caption] 希特勒在听他自己的演讲时磁带时也尽力展现着他的夸张手势（？），他的私人摄影师拍下这张照片。尽管他说话带着奥地利口音并且声音刺耳，希特勒被所有人视为有催眠术的演讲者。新闻不需要去清楚的说明这点，因为有无数德国人可以证明这个可怕的天赋。希特勒命令霍夫曼（希特勒的私人摄影师，参见Heinrich Hoffmann）销毁照片底片，但霍夫曼违令了。（本图为原版的修正版[没大明白]）


Berlin, 1936。柏林，1936年。摄影师：KPA/ZUMA/Corbis

The staging of the 1936 summer Olympics in Berlin was a propaganda coup for Hitler. The Nazis explicitly saw sport as training for war, and gymnastics as an expression of – and means of achieving – bodily purity. Here, German gymnasts perform en masse in the sort of choreographed demonstration characteristic of the Nazi era. 1936年的柏林奥运会舞台对希特勒来说是个宣传。纳粹党明目张胆的将体育视为战争训练，体操因为纯身体动作而被当做进取的象征（？这整一句好长，这样翻译没有谱）。图片里，德国体操运动员全体表演那种精心编排的舞蹈，展示出了纳粹那个年代的特征。


Eger, Czechoslovakia, 2 October 1938。艾格尔（匈牙利东北部？），捷克斯洛伐克。1938年10月2日。摄影师：Bettmann/Corbis

Three women raise their right arms to salute the German army as it enters the Sudentenland, the ethnically German western fringe of Czechoslovakia, ceded to Hitler under the Munich agreement of three days earlier. The betrayal of the Czechs marked the nadir of the Anglo-French policy of appeasement intended to forestall a war with the fascist powers of Germany and Italy. The ensuing U-turn by London and Paris came too late to save the rest of Czechoslovakia and Poland from Hitler. 三个女人举起她们的右手向德军敬礼，当他们进入Sudentenland（参见蘇台德地區）时，根据慕尼黑协议（参见慕尼黑协议），这个城市在3天前割让给了希特勒政府。被英法联盟于纳粹达成的极端的绥靖政策背叛的捷克避免先与德意法西斯挑起战争。后来英法态度的转变也来得太迟，以至于未能阻止希特勒吞并捷克斯洛伐克的其他国土和波兰。


Warsaw, 1943。华沙，1943年。摄影师：Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS

Terrified Jewish families surrender to German soldiers in the Warsaw ghetto in the spring of 1943. In January of that year, the residents of the ghetto rose up against the Nazis and held their ground for several months, but they were defeated after fierce fighting in April and May. This is perhaps the most famous photograph of the Holocaust, principally because of the small, neatly dressed boy in the large cap on the right of the picture. For almost 70 years, people have attempted to identify the boy. Numerous names have been suggested, but the mystery remains unsolved. 1943年华沙犹太人区的犹太人向德军投降。1943年1月，犹太区的居民起义反抗纳粹，并坚守了几个月阵地，但最终在4-5月在凶猛的火力下被击败。这张照片关于大屠杀（特指犹太人大屠杀）最有名的了，主要因为图片右边这个戴大帽子衣着整洁的小孩。大概70年来，人们试图确认他的身份，许多名字曾被想到，但谜题依旧。


Lodz, Poland, circa 1940-45。罗兹市，波兰，1940-1945年间。摄影师：Henrik Ross/Agence Vu

Ghetto workers employed to clean up faeces. An assignment as a “faecal worker” was usually a death sentence, as workers soon contracted typhus. Henryk Ross was a Polish Jew who worked for the Jewish Council in the quasi-autonomous Lodz ghetto, and took thousands of photographs of life under the Nazis. In 1944, when it became clear that the ghetto was to be liquidated, Ross buried his 6,000 negatives, returning after the war to reclaim them. Explaining why he had catalogued life in the ghetto, he said in 1987, four years before he died: “I was anticipating the total destruction of Polish Jewry, and wanted to leave a historical record of our martyrdom.” 犹太工人在清理粪便。“粪便工”的任务通常意味着死亡，因为工人会很快接触到斑疹伤寒症（参见斑疹伤寒），Henryk Ross（参见Henryk Ross）是一个波兰犹太人，曾经在罗兹市犹太区类似自治的犹太居民委员会（参见犹太居民居委会，第二次世界大战期间纳粹德国在犹太人集居地指定的犹太居民委员会）工作，在纳粹的眼皮子底下拍了几千张照片。1944年，当自治区基本要被屠城，Ross埋了6000多张底片，战后才掘出这些。在他逝世四年前的1987年，他如此解释当年在犹太区的生活：我料想到波兰犹太人会被毁灭，我想把我们被折磨的资料留给历史。


Kerch, Crimea, January 1942。刻赤，克里木半岛（前苏联欧洲部分南部的一个行政区和半岛），1942年。摄影师：Dmitri Baltermants/Corbis

Operation Barbarossa, Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union launched on 22 June 1941, flung some 150 divisions and 3 million men into battle along an 1,800-mile front from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Here, seven months later, at the southern end of the front, at Kerch in the Crimean peninsula (now part of an independent Ukraine), families identify the Soviet dead. Barely one week later, on 10 January 1942, Marshal Zhukov launched the great Red Army counterattack on the central front that forced the Germans to retreat for the first time. 巴巴羅薩行動（参见巴巴羅薩行動），希特勒入侵苏联开始于1941年6月22日，在从波罗的海到黑海的长达1800英尺的前线投入了150个师300万的人员。图片里，开战7个月之后，在战线的南端，克里木半岛的刻赤（现属乌克兰），大家在确认苏联死亡士兵的身份。但是将将一周之后，1942年1月10日，朱可夫元帅（参见朱可夫）下达了红军从战线中部出击的反击令，迫使了德军的首次撤退。


Berlin, May 1945。柏林，1945年5月。摄影师：TopFoto

A deceptively peaceful scene as a group of German officers huddle in a Berlin wood during the talks leading to the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich on 8 May 1945. The German forces in the north, Scandinavia and Holland, had surrendered to Field Marshal Montgomery on the 4th; on the 7th, General Jodl of the High Command surrendered all German forces to the allies at Reims in northern France; on the 8th (VE Day), Field Marshal Keitel signed the final surrender document after a delay caused by wrangling between the Americans and the Russians over who should sign on behalf of the allies. 一个虚伪的和平镜头，一组德国官员挤在柏林的树林里讨论1945年5月8日第三帝国(指希特勒统治下的德国[1933-1945])的无条件投降。在斯堪的纳维亚（北欧地名）和荷兰北方德军，已经在5月4日向蒙哥马利元帅（参见蒙哥马利）投降了；7日，在法国北部的兰斯，最高指挥部的约德尔上将（参见约德尔）命令所有德军向同盟国投降；8日（欧洲胜利日），凯特尔（参见凯特尔）元帅在美国-苏联之间关于同盟国利益争论导致的一点小拖延后在最终投降书上签字了。

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]]> http://blog.blacklee.net/translation/988-europe-in-pictures-1900-1945/feed 0 PHP FedEx shipping rates calculator http://blog.blacklee.net/tech/975-php-fedex-shipping-rates-calculator http://blog.blacklee.net/tech/975-php-fedex-shipping-rates-calculator#comments Mon, 07 Nov 2011 02:41:46 +0000 黑子 http://blog.blacklee.net/?p=975 First of all, you need to register an account, after register, open https://www.fedex.com/wpor/web/jsp/drclinks.jsp?links=wss/develop.html to obtain test key.

And I strongly recommend you goto https://www.fedex.com/wpor/web/jsp/drclinks.jsp?links=wss/getstarted.html and download some resources, include code archive and documentation.

After decompress the archive, you may find the wsdl file named RateService_v10.wsdl
for development env, you should edit this file, find a line contains https, it maybe

https://gateway.fedex.com:443/web-services/rate

change [gateway] to [wsbeta]!

https://wsbeta.fedex.com:443/web-services/rate

set your test account information in: library/fedex-common.php5, some [xxx] should be changed to meaningful values:
meter, key, password, xxxxxaccount (I set shipaccount/billaccount/dutyaccount/trackaccount/account/freightaccount all to one account number)
Notice:

meter/password/account are in the mail FedEx sent to you, but the key is in the page when you finished [obtain key] process and not in the mail.

and then you can successfully run [RateWebServiceClient/Rate/RateWebServiceClient.php]

FedEx provides several services, each service may has different limit, maybe weight, maybe size, read the documentation!
here’s a weight limit of 6 services:

$service_weight_map = array (
    "FEDEX_GROUND" => 150,
    "GROUND_HOME_DELIVERY" => 70,
    "FEDEX_2_DAY" => 150,
    "PRIORITY_OVERNIGHT" => 150,
    "STANDARD_OVERNIGHT" => 150,
    "FIRST_OVERNIGHT" => 150,
    "FEDEX_EXPRESS_SAVER" => 150
);

if you need to ship between different countries, you must use international service.

More information is in the <Fedex Web Services Developer Guide>

To migrate to production, goto this page https://www.fedex.com/wpor/web/jsp/drclinks.jsp?links=wss/production.html
I didn’t succeed in this action… :(

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